Black-tailed jackrabbit

Scientific name: Lepus californicus

How weight is recorded: Whole weight

Field notes

Appearance

This species is characterized by very large black-tipped ears, a black stripe running down the center of the back, and a black tail with a white underside. Adults are tan to grayish-brown with lighter underparts; females are typically larger than males.

Size and weight

Males weigh 1.6–2.3 kg with body length 41–53 cm; females weigh 1.9–2.7 kg with body length 47–63 cm.

Habitat

Black-tailed jackrabbits inhabit open and semi-open arid to semi-arid regions including deserts, scrublands, grasslands, and agricultural areas. They prefer terrain with sparse to moderate vegetation that provides escape cover while allowing long sight lines.

Distribution

Range extends from the southwestern United States through Mexico into Central America, with heaviest concentrations in the southwestern deserts and Great Basin. They occupy open country from sea level to approximately 1,500 m elevation.

Diet

Black-tailed jackrabbits browse forbs, clover, and grasses year-round, shifting to woody vegetation and dried plant material during winter when fresh growth is limited.

Behaviour

Primarily crepuscular and nocturnal, with peaks of activity at dawn and dusk; they rest in shallow depressions called forms during the day. Generally solitary or in loose groups; they rely on high-speed zigzag running (up to 56 km/h) and powerful hind legs to escape predators.

Hunting tips

Scout during early morning or late afternoon when rabbits are most active; look for tracks in soft soil and dark pellet droppings near vegetation. Approach into the wind across open ground, using terrain swells and sparse brush for cover; jackrabbits rely on sight and speed, so stillness and a measured stalk are critical. Success often comes from flushing rabbits from their daytime forms in brush patches or from waiting near active feeding areas during low-light periods.

Whole weight

This species is logged by whole weight — the animal weighed entire, as taken.

Where it is hunted

Listed as huntable in 2 countries in Huntify.

Names in other languages

These field notes are general species knowledge, not legal advice. Always check the current seasons, quotas and firearm rules where you hunt.